Issue 26972: Proper treatment of float values in intersectConvexConvex #26974
As outlined in https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/26972 the function `intersectConvexConvex()` may not work as expected in the corner case, where two polygons intersect at a corner. A concrete example is given that I added as unit test. The unit test would fail without the proposed bug fix. I recommend porting the fix to all versions.
Now concerning the fix: When digging into the implementation I found, that when the line intersections are computed, openCV currently does not apply floating point comparison syntax, but pretends that line end points are exact. Instead I replaced the formulation using the eps that is already used in another component of the function in line.277: `epx=1e-5`. IMO that is solid enough, definitely better than assuming an exact floating point comparison is possible.
As a follow up I would suggest to use a scalable eps, s.t. also cases with high floating point numbers would be less error prone. However that would need to be done in all relevant sub steps, not just the line intersection code. So for me outside the scope of this fix.
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Correct IPP distanceTransform results with single thread #27432
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resolves#24082
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Fix#25696: Solved the problem in Subdiv2D, empty delaunay triangulation #27149
Detailed description
Expected behaviour:
Given 4 points, where no three points are collinear, the Delaunay Triangulation Algorithm should return 2 triangles.
Actual:
The algorithm returns zero triangles in this particular case.
Fix:
The radius of the circumcircle tends to infinity when the points are closer to form collinear points, so the problem occurs because the super-triangles are not large enough,
which then results in certain edges are not swapped. The proposed solution just increases the super triangle, duplicating the value of constant for example.
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Fix typos #27338
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imgproc: cvtColor: remove to copy edge pixels for COLOR_Bayer*_VNGs. #27226
Close https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/27225
Close https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/5089
Related https://github.com/opencv/opencv_extra/pull/1249
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imgproc: disable SIMD for compareHist(INTERSECT) if f64 is unsupported #27220
Close https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/24757
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Added optional mask to cv::threshold #26842
Proposal for #26777
To avoid code duplication, and keep performance when no mask is used, inner implementation always propagate the const cv::Mat& mask, but they use a template<bool useMask> parameter that let the compiler optimize out unnecessary tests when the mask is not to be used.
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Fix getPerspectiveTransform for singular case #26926
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Fix#26916
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Add cv::THRESH_DRYRUN flag to get adaptive threshold values without thresholding #26836
A first proposal for #26777
Adds a `cv::THRESH_DRYRUN` flag to let cv::threshold() compute the threshold (useful for OTSU/TRIANGLE), but without actually running the thresholding. This flags is a proposal instead of a new function cv::computeThreshold()
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Improve robustness for fitEllipseAMS #26810
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Related to #26694
Added functionality to add noise to points in degenerate cases and try again for `fitEllipseAMS`. `fitEllipseNoDirect` and `fitEllipseDirect` already have this
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Improve robustness for ellipse fitting #26773
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Related to #26694
Current noise addition is not very good because for example it turns degenerate case of one horizontal line into degenerate case of two parallel horizontal lines
Improving noise addition leads to improved robustness of algorithms
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Feature: weighted Hough Transform #21407
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Support C++20 standard #26590
Close https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/26589
Related https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/pull/3842
Related: https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/20269
- do not arithmetic enums and ( different enums or floating numeric)
- remove unused variable
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core: C-API cleanup: RNG algorithms in core(4.x) #26259
- replace CV_RAND_UNI and NORMAL to cv::RNG::UNIFORM and cv::RNG::NORMAL.
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Imgproc: use double to determine whether the corners points are within src #26022close#26016
Related https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/pull/3778
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Correct Bayer2Gray u8 SIMD #25968
SIMD version of CV_DESCALE is not correct. It should be implemented using v_dotprod.
What's more, the stop condition of vector operation should be `bayer < bayer_end - 14` because we just need to make sure result is safely stored into `dst`.
Closes: https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/25823
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imgproc: add specific error code when cvtColor is used on an image with an invalid number of channels #25981close#25971
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pyrDown: offset HAL added, IPP removed #25970Resolves#25976
### Changes
* HAL added for offset support so that border pixels can be fetched from outside of the image ROI (see `BORDER_ISOLATED` parameter)
* IPP removed since there is `pyrUp` instead of `pyrDown` and there's no easy way to fix this other than rewriting it from scratch
* replaced old C call by modern `cv::pyrDown`
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Added xxxApprox overloads for YUV color conversions in HAL and AlgorithmHint to cvtColor #25932
The xxxApprox to implement HAL functions with less bits for arithmetic of FP.
The hint was introduced in #25792 and #25911
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Add a check for src == dst in ocl warpTransform #25898
As mentioned in #25853, when doing WarpAffine with Mat and UMat respectively, if you force the use of the in-place operation (so that src and dst are passed the same variables), Mat produces the correct results, but UMat produces unexpected results.
Obviously in-place operations are not possible with this transformation. When Mat performs the operation, if dst and src are the same variable, the function inherently makes a copy of src without telling the user.
https://github.com/opencv/opencv/blob/74b50c7af05c91194469a1f059f971dff00ef889/modules/imgproc/src/imgwarp.cpp#L2831-L2834
So I did the same check in UMat, but I'm not sure if it's appropriate, should we just do a copy operation without telling the user (even if the user thinks he's doing an in-place operation), or should we throw an exception to indicate that we shouldn't pass in two same variables here?
The possible reason for this problem is that there is a create function here, so it gives the developer the false impression that this create function has allocated new memory for dst, however it does not.
https://github.com/opencv/opencv/blob/74b50c7af05c91194469a1f059f971dff00ef889/modules/imgproc/src/imgwarp.cpp#L2607-L2609
Because by the time the check is done here, the function has returned back.
https://github.com/opencv/opencv/blob/74b50c7af05c91194469a1f059f971dff00ef889/modules/core/src/umatrix.cpp#L668-L675
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Added flag to GaussianBlur for faster but not bit-exact implementation #25792
Rationale:
Current implementation of GaussianBlur is almost always bit-exact. It helps to get predictable results according platforms, but prohibits most of approximations and optimization tricks.
The patch converts `borderType` parameter to more generic `flags` and introduces `GAUSS_ALLOW_APPROXIMATIONS` flag to allow not bit-exact implementation. With the flag IPP and generic HAL implementation are called first. The flag naming and location is a subject for discussion.
Replaces https://github.com/opencv/opencv/pull/22073
Possibly related issue: https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/24135
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Add a new function that approximates the polygon bounding a convex hull with a certain number of sides #25607
merge PR with <https://github.com/opencv/opencv_extra/pull/1179>
This PR is based on the paper [View Frustum Optimization To Maximize Object’s Image Area](https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=1fbd43f3827fffeb76641a9c5ab5b625eb5a75ba).
# Problem
I needed to reduce the number of vertices of the convex hull so that the additional area was minimal, andall vertices of the original contour enter the new contour.


# Description
Initially in the contour of n vertices, at each stage we consider the intersection points of the lines formed by each adjacent edges. Each of these intersection points will form a triangle with vertices through which lines pass. Let's choose a triangle with the minimum area and merge the two vertices at the intersection point. We continue until there are more vertices than the specified number of sides of the approximated polygon.

# Complexity:
Using a std::priority_queue or std::set time complexity is **(O(n\*ln(n))**, memory **O(n)**,
n - number of vertices in convex hull.
count of sides - the number of points by which we must reduce.

## Comment
If epsilon_percentage more 0, algorithm can return more values than _side_.
Algorithm returns OutputArray. If OutputArray.type() equals 0, algorithm returns values with InputArray.type().
New test uses image which are not in opencv_extra, needs to be added.
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imgproc: remove C-API usage from tests #25842
Final cleanup will be done in 5.x after regular merge.
Some tests have been reworked, some required only slight modifications.