Merge pull request #24480 from savuor:backport_patch_nans

Backport to 4.x: patchNaNs() SIMD acceleration #24480

backport from #23098
connected PR in extra: [#1118@extra](https://github.com/opencv/opencv_extra/pull/1118)

### This PR contains:
* new SIMD code for `patchNaNs()`
* CPU perf test

<details>
<summary>Performance comparison</summary>

Geometric mean (ms)

|Name of Test|noopt|sse2|avx2|sse2 vs noopt (x-factor)|avx2 vs noopt (x-factor)|
|---|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|:-:|
|PatchNaNs::OCL_PatchNaNsFixture::(640x480, 32FC1)|0.019|0.017|0.018|1.11|1.07|
|PatchNaNs::OCL_PatchNaNsFixture::(640x480, 32FC4)|0.037|0.037|0.033|1.00|1.10|
|PatchNaNs::OCL_PatchNaNsFixture::(1280x720, 32FC1)|0.032|0.032|0.033|0.99|0.98|
|PatchNaNs::OCL_PatchNaNsFixture::(1280x720, 32FC4)|0.072|0.072|0.070|1.00|1.03|
|PatchNaNs::OCL_PatchNaNsFixture::(1920x1080, 32FC1)|0.051|0.051|0.050|1.00|1.01|
|PatchNaNs::OCL_PatchNaNsFixture::(1920x1080, 32FC4)|0.137|0.138|0.128|0.99|1.06|
|PatchNaNs::OCL_PatchNaNsFixture::(3840x2160, 32FC1)|0.137|0.128|0.129|1.07|1.06|
|PatchNaNs::OCL_PatchNaNsFixture::(3840x2160, 32FC4)|0.450|0.450|0.448|1.00|1.01|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(640x480, 32FC1)|0.149|0.029|0.020|5.13|7.44|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(640x480, 32FC2)|0.304|0.058|0.040|5.25|7.65|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(640x480, 32FC3)|0.448|0.086|0.059|5.22|7.55|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(640x480, 32FC4)|0.601|0.133|0.083|4.51|7.23|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(1280x720, 32FC1)|0.451|0.093|0.060|4.83|7.52|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(1280x720, 32FC2)|0.892|0.184|0.126|4.85|7.06|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(1280x720, 32FC3)|1.345|0.311|0.230|4.32|5.84|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(1280x720, 32FC4)|1.831|0.546|0.436|3.35|4.20|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(1920x1080, 32FC1)|1.017|0.250|0.160|4.06|6.35|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(1920x1080, 32FC2)|2.077|0.646|0.605|3.21|3.43|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(1920x1080, 32FC3)|3.134|1.053|0.961|2.97|3.26|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(1920x1080, 32FC4)|4.222|1.436|1.288|2.94|3.28|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(3840x2160, 32FC1)|4.225|1.401|1.277|3.01|3.31|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(3840x2160, 32FC2)|8.310|2.953|2.635|2.81|3.15|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(3840x2160, 32FC3)|12.396|4.455|4.252|2.78|2.92|
|PatchNaNs::PatchNaNsFixture::(3840x2160, 32FC4)|17.174|5.831|5.824|2.95|2.95|

</details>

### Pull Request Readiness Checklist

See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request

- [x] I agree to contribute to the project under Apache 2 License.
- [x] To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or another license that is incompatible with OpenCV
- [x] The PR is proposed to the proper branch
- [x] There is a reference to the original bug report and related work
- [x] There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
      Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
- [x] The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake

modules/core/perf/perf_arithm.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "perf_precomp.hpp"
 #include <numeric>
+#include "opencv2/core/softfloat.hpp"
 
 namespace opencv_test
 {
@@ -451,4 +452,69 @@ INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(/*nothing*/ , BinaryOpTest,
     )
 );
 
+///////////// PatchNaNs ////////////////////////
+
+template<typename _Tp>
+_Tp randomNan(RNG& rng);
+
+template<>
+float randomNan(RNG& rng)
+{
+    uint32_t r = rng.next();
+    Cv32suf v;
+    v.u = r;
+    // exp & set a bit to avoid zero mantissa
+    v.u = v.u | 0x7f800001;
+    return v.f;
+}
+
+template<>
+double randomNan(RNG& rng)
+{
+    uint32_t r0 = rng.next();
+    uint32_t r1 = rng.next();
+    Cv64suf v;
+    v.u = (uint64_t(r0) << 32) | uint64_t(r1);
+    // exp &set a bit to avoid zero mantissa
+    v.u = v.u | 0x7ff0000000000001;
+    return v.f;
+}
+
+typedef Size_MatType PatchNaNsFixture;
+
+PERF_TEST_P_(PatchNaNsFixture, PatchNaNs)
+{
+    const Size_MatType_t params = GetParam();
+    Size srcSize = get<0>(params);
+    const int type = get<1>(params), cn = CV_MAT_CN(type);
+
+    Mat src(srcSize, type);
+    declare.in(src, WARMUP_RNG).out(src);
+
+    // generating NaNs
+    {
+        srcSize.width *= cn;
+        RNG& rng = theRNG();
+        for (int y = 0; y < srcSize.height; ++y)
+        {
+            float  *const ptrf = src.ptr<float>(y);
+            for (int x = 0; x < srcSize.width; ++x)
+            {
+                ptrf[x] = (x + y) % 2 == 0 ? randomNan<float >(rng) : ptrf[x];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    TEST_CYCLE() cv::patchNaNs(src, 17.7);
+
+    SANITY_CHECK(src);
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(/*nothing*/ , PatchNaNsFixture,
+    testing::Combine(
+        testing::Values(szVGA, sz720p, sz1080p, sz2160p),
+        testing::Values(CV_32FC1, CV_32FC2, CV_32FC3, CV_32FC4)
+    )
+);
+
 } // namespace