Fix UB in cv::error when breakOnError set to true

Fixes #28436.
Replaces a nullptr dereference (unguaranteed to cause a SEGFAULT) by `std::terminate` which will call the current `std::terminate_handler` and then SIGARBT.

modules/core/src/system.cpp

@@ -1282,8 +1282,7 @@ void error( const Exception& exc )
 
     if(breakOnError)
     {
-        static volatile int* p = 0;
+        std::terminate();
-        *p = 0;
     }
 
     throw exc;