Merge pull request #25075 from mshabunin:cleanup-imgproc-1

C-API cleanup: apps, imgproc_c and some constants #25075

Merge with https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/pull/3642

* Removed obsolete apps - traincascade and createsamples (please use older OpenCV versions if you need them). These apps relied heavily on C-API
* removed all mentions of imgproc C-API headers (imgproc_c.h, types_c.h) - they were empty, included core C-API headers
* replaced usage of several C constants with C++ ones (error codes, norm modes, RNG modes, PCA modes, ...) - most part of this PR (split into two parts - all modules and calib+3d - for easier backporting)
* removed imgproc C-API headers (as separate commit, so that other changes could be backported to 4.x)

Most of these changes can be backported to 4.x.

modules/core/src/command_line_parser.cpp

@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ std::vector<String> CommandLineParser::Impl::split_range_string(const String& _s
         {
             if (begin == true)
             {
-                throw cv::Exception(CV_StsParseError,
+                throw cv::Exception(cv::Error::StsParseError,
                          String("error in split_range_string(")
                          + str
                          + String(", ")
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ std::vector<String> CommandLineParser::Impl::split_range_string(const String& _s
         {
             if (begin == false)
             {
-                throw cv::Exception(CV_StsParseError,
+                throw cv::Exception(cv::Error::StsParseError,
                          String("error in split_range_string(")
                          + str
                          + String(", ")
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ std::vector<String> CommandLineParser::Impl::split_range_string(const String& _s
 
     if (begin == true)
     {
-        throw cv::Exception(CV_StsParseError,
+        throw cv::Exception(cv::Error::StsParseError,
                  String("error in split_range_string(")
                  + str
                  + String(", ")