Merge pull request #24372 from Kumataro:fix24369

Supporting protobuf v22 and later(with abseil-cpp/C++17) #24372

fix https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/24369
related https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/23791

1. This patch supports external protobuf v22 and later, it required abseil-cpp and c++17.
    Even if the built-in protobuf is upgraded to v22 or later, 
    the dependency on abseil-cpp and the requirement for C++17 will continue.
2. Some test for caffe required patched protobuf, so this patch disable them.

This patch is tested by following libraries.
-  Protobuf:                    /usr/local/lib/libprotobuf.so (4.24.4)
-  abseil-cpp:                YES (20230125)

### Pull Request Readiness Checklist

See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request

- [x] I agree to contribute to the project under Apache 2 License.
- [x] To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or another license that is incompatible with OpenCV
- [x] The PR is proposed to the proper branch
- [x] There is a reference to the original bug report and related work
- [x] There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
      Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
- [x] The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake

modules/dnn/test/test_layers.cpp

@@ -764,11 +764,15 @@ TEST_F(Layer_RNN_Test, get_set_test)
 
 TEST_P(Test_Caffe_layers, Accum)
 {
+#ifdef OPENCV_DNN_EXTERNAL_PROTOBUF
+    throw SkipTestException("Requires patched protobuf");
+#else
     if (backend == DNN_BACKEND_OPENCV && target != DNN_TARGET_CPU)
         applyTestTag(CV_TEST_TAG_DNN_SKIP_OPENCL, CV_TEST_TAG_DNN_SKIP_OPENCL_FP16);
 
     testLayerUsingCaffeModels("accum", false, false, 0.0, 0.0, 2);
     testLayerUsingCaffeModels("accum_ref", false, false, 0.0, 0.0, 2);
+#endif
 }
 
 TEST_P(Test_Caffe_layers, FlowWarp)
@@ -788,29 +792,41 @@ TEST_P(Test_Caffe_layers, ChannelNorm)
 
 TEST_P(Test_Caffe_layers, DataAugmentation)
 {
+#ifdef OPENCV_DNN_EXTERNAL_PROTOBUF
+    throw SkipTestException("Requires patched protobuf");
+#else
     if (backend == DNN_BACKEND_OPENCV && target == DNN_TARGET_OPENCL_FP16)
         applyTestTag(CV_TEST_TAG_DNN_SKIP_OPENCL_FP16);
     testLayerUsingCaffeModels("data_augmentation", true, false);
     testLayerUsingCaffeModels("data_augmentation_2x1", true, false);
     testLayerUsingCaffeModels("data_augmentation_8x6", true, false);
+#endif
 }
 
 TEST_P(Test_Caffe_layers, Resample)
 {
+#ifdef OPENCV_DNN_EXTERNAL_PROTOBUF
+    throw SkipTestException("Requires patched protobuf");
+#else
 #if defined(INF_ENGINE_RELEASE) && INF_ENGINE_VER_MAJOR_LT(2023000000)
     if (backend != DNN_BACKEND_OPENCV)
         applyTestTag(CV_TEST_TAG_DNN_SKIP_IE_NN_BUILDER, CV_TEST_TAG_DNN_SKIP_IE_NGRAPH);
 #endif
     testLayerUsingCaffeModels("nearest_2inps", false, false, 0.0, 0.0, 2);
     testLayerUsingCaffeModels("nearest", false, false);
+#endif
 }
 
 TEST_P(Test_Caffe_layers, Correlation)
 {
+#ifdef OPENCV_DNN_EXTERNAL_PROTOBUF
+    throw SkipTestException("Requires patched protobuf");
+#else
     if (backend == DNN_BACKEND_OPENCV && target == DNN_TARGET_OPENCL_FP16)
         applyTestTag(CV_TEST_TAG_DNN_SKIP_IE_NGRAPH, CV_TEST_TAG_DNN_SKIP_IE_NN_BUILDER,
                      CV_TEST_TAG_DNN_SKIP_OPENCL, CV_TEST_TAG_DNN_SKIP_OPENCL_FP16);
     testLayerUsingCaffeModels("correlation", false, false, 0.0, 0.0, 2);
+#endif
 }
 
 TEST_P(Test_Caffe_layers, Convolution2Inputs)
@@ -1651,12 +1667,11 @@ private:
     int outWidth, outHeight, zoomFactor;
 };
 
-#ifndef OPENCV_DNN_EXTERNAL_PROTOBUF
 TEST_P(Test_Caffe_layers, Interp)
-#else
-TEST_P(Test_Caffe_layers, DISABLED_Interp)  // requires patched protobuf (available in OpenCV source tree only)
-#endif
 {
+#ifdef OPENCV_DNN_EXTERNAL_PROTOBUF
+    throw SkipTestException("Requires patched protobuf");
+#else
 #if defined(INF_ENGINE_RELEASE) && INF_ENGINE_VER_MAJOR_EQ(2021030000)
     if (backend == DNN_BACKEND_INFERENCE_ENGINE_NGRAPH && target == DNN_TARGET_MYRIAD)
         applyTestTag(CV_TEST_TAG_DNN_SKIP_IE_MYRIAD, CV_TEST_TAG_DNN_SKIP_IE_NGRAPH);  // exception
@@ -1680,6 +1695,7 @@ TEST_P(Test_Caffe_layers, DISABLED_Interp)  // requires patched protobuf (availa
 
     // Test an implemented layer.
     testLayerUsingCaffeModels("layer_interp", false, false);
+#endif
 }
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(/*nothing*/, Test_Caffe_layers, dnnBackendsAndTargets());