Merge pull request #29175 from asmorkalov:as/geometry2

Geometry module #29175

OpenCV Contrib: https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/pull/4129
CI changes: https://github.com/opencv/ci-gha-workflow/pull/313

Continues
- https://github.com/opencv/opencv/pull/28804
- https://github.com/opencv/opencv/pull/29101
- https://github.com/opencv/opencv/pull/29108
- https://github.com/opencv/opencv/pull/28810

Todo for followup PRs:
- [x] Rename doxygen groups
- [x] Fix JS modules layout and whitelists
- [ ] Sort tutorials code/snippets

### Pull Request Readiness Checklist

See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request

- [x] I agree to contribute to the project under Apache 2 License.
- [x] To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or another license that is incompatible with OpenCV
- [x] The PR is proposed to the proper branch
- [ ] There is a reference to the original bug report and related work
- [ ] There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
      Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
- [ ] The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake

samples/tapi/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ set(OPENCV_TAPI_SAMPLES_REQUIRED_DEPS
   opencv_highgui
   opencv_objdetect
   opencv_features
-  opencv_3d
+  opencv_geometry
   opencv_stereo
   opencv_flann)
 ocv_check_dependencies(${OPENCV_TAPI_SAMPLES_REQUIRED_DEPS})

samples/tapi/squares.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #include "opencv2/core.hpp"
 #include "opencv2/core/ocl.hpp"
 #include "opencv2/core/utility.hpp"
-#include "opencv2/3d.hpp"
+#include "opencv2/geometry/2d.hpp"
 #include "opencv2/imgproc.hpp"
 #include "opencv2/imgcodecs.hpp"
 #include "opencv2/highgui.hpp"