Merge pull request #29175 from asmorkalov:as/geometry2

Geometry module #29175

OpenCV Contrib: https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/pull/4129
CI changes: https://github.com/opencv/ci-gha-workflow/pull/313

Continues
- https://github.com/opencv/opencv/pull/28804
- https://github.com/opencv/opencv/pull/29101
- https://github.com/opencv/opencv/pull/29108
- https://github.com/opencv/opencv/pull/28810

Todo for followup PRs:
- [x] Rename doxygen groups
- [x] Fix JS modules layout and whitelists
- [ ] Sort tutorials code/snippets

### Pull Request Readiness Checklist

See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request

- [x] I agree to contribute to the project under Apache 2 License.
- [x] To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or another license that is incompatible with OpenCV
- [x] The PR is proposed to the proper branch
- [ ] There is a reference to the original bug report and related work
- [ ] There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
      Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
- [ ] The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake

doc/tutorials/introduction/linux_eclipse/linux_eclipse.markdown

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ Making a project
             since I plan to use the whole bunch:
 
             opencv_core opencv_imgproc opencv_imgcodecs opencv_highgui opencv_videoio opencv_video opencv_features
-            opencv_3d opencv_objdetect opencv_flann
+            opencv_geometry opencv_objdetect opencv_flann
 
             ![](images/a10.png)
 
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ Making a project
             @endcode
             My output (in case you want to check) was:
             @code{.bash}
-            -L/usr/local/lib -lopencv_core -lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_video -lopencv_features -lopencv_3d -lopencv_calib -lopencv_stereo -lopencv_objdetect -lopencv_videoio -lopencv_imgcodecs -lopencv_flann
+            -L/usr/local/lib -lopencv_core -lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_video -lopencv_features -lopencv_geometry -lopencv_calib -lopencv_stereo -lopencv_objdetect -lopencv_videoio -lopencv_imgcodecs -lopencv_flann
             @endcode
             Now you are done. Click **OK**