Merge pull request #24260 from vrabaud:ubsan

Fix undefined behavior arithmetic in copyMakeBorder and adjustROI. #24260

This is due to the undefined: negative int multiplied by size_t pointer increment.

To test, compile with:
```
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ../ -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS_INIT="-fsanitize=undefined" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_INIT="-fsanitize=undefined" -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER="/usr/bin/clang" -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER="/usr/bin/clang++" -DCMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS="-fsanitize=undefined -lubsan"
```
And run:
```
make -j opencv_test_core && ./bin/opencv_test_core --gtest_filter=*UndefinedBehavior*
```

### Pull Request Readiness Checklist

See details at https://github.com/opencv/opencv/wiki/How_to_contribute#making-a-good-pull-request

- [x] I agree to contribute to the project under Apache 2 License.
- [x] To the best of my knowledge, the proposed patch is not based on a code under GPL or another license that is incompatible with OpenCV
- [x] The PR is proposed to the proper branch
- [x] There is a reference to the original bug report and related work
- [x] There is accuracy test, performance test and test data in opencv_extra repository, if applicable
      Patch to opencv_extra has the same branch name.
- [x] The feature is well documented and sample code can be built with the project CMake

modules/core/src/matrix.cpp

@@ -1128,7 +1128,7 @@ Mat& Mat::adjustROI( int dtop, int dbottom, int dleft, int dright )
     if(col1 > col2)
         std::swap(col1, col2);
 
-    data += (row1 - ofs.y)*step + (col1 - ofs.x)*esz;
+    data += (row1 - ofs.y)*(std::ptrdiff_t)step + (col1 - ofs.x)*(std::ptrdiff_t)esz;
     rows = row2 - row1; cols = col2 - col1;
     size.p[0] = rows; size.p[1] = cols;
     updateContinuityFlag();