Extended several core functions to support new types (#24962)

* started adding support for new types (16f, 16bf, 32u, 64u, 64s) to arithmetic functions

* fixed several tests; refactored and extended sum(), extended inRange().

* extended countNonZero(), mean(), meanStdDev(), minMaxIdx(), norm() and sum() to support new types (F16, BF16, U32, U64, S64)

* put missing CV_DEPTH_MAX to some function dispatcher tables
* extended findnonzero, hasnonzero with the new types support

* extended mixChannels() to support new types

* minor fix

* fixed a few compile errors on Linux and a few failures in core tests

* fixed a few more warnings and test failures

* trying to fix the remaining warnings and test failures. The test `MulTestGPU.MathOpTest` was disabled - not clear whether to set tolerance - it's not bit-exact operation, as possibly assumed by the test, due to the use of scale and possibly limited accuracy of the intermediate floating-point calculations.

* found that in the current snapshot G-API produces incorrect results in Mul, Div and AddWeighted (at least when using OpenCL on Windows x64 or MacOS x64). Disabled the respective tests.

modules/core/src/matrix_operations.cpp

@@ -1270,7 +1270,7 @@ void cv::sort( InputArray _src, OutputArray _dst, int flags )
     Mat dst = _dst.getMat();
     CV_IPP_RUN_FAST(ipp_sort(src, dst, flags));
 
-    static SortFunc tab[] =
+    static SortFunc tab[CV_DEPTH_MAX] =
     {
         sort_<uchar>, sort_<schar>, sort_<ushort>, sort_<short>,
         sort_<int>, sort_<float>, sort_<double>, 0
@@ -1295,7 +1295,7 @@ void cv::sortIdx( InputArray _src, OutputArray _dst, int flags )
 
     CV_IPP_RUN_FAST(ipp_sortIdx(src, dst, flags));
 
-    static SortFunc tab[] =
+    static SortFunc tab[CV_DEPTH_MAX] =
     {
         sortIdx_<uchar>, sortIdx_<schar>, sortIdx_<ushort>, sortIdx_<short>,
         sortIdx_<int>, sortIdx_<float>, sortIdx_<double>, 0